
Eclecticism, eklektikos, εκλεκτικισμός, emerged among the schools of Ancient Greek Philosophy in response to stoicism and epicureanism that placed the pursuit of practical happiness and virtue ahead of truth. It also represents a response to the skeptics, “skeptikoi,” σκεπτικισμός, who argued that, while obtainable in theory, truth, in practice had not yet been discovered nor demonstrated.
I stand with Philo of Larissa, Posidonius, Seneca and, especially, Cicero. The truth is obtainable by use of multi-modal, multidisciplinary and multidimensional methods to increase the odds of finding it. Truth is a matter of probabilities, not absolutes. Purists apply a more dogmatic stance on pursuing truths through use of a single way applied with rigor, discipline, and fidelity to tradition.
Certainly, discipline is crucial and is not the enemy of enthusiasm. A chosen structure is freeing to the extent that it removes the need to constantly reinvent process. On the other hand, the danger of reifying the system itself over time, mistaking its own assumptions for truth, is real and significant. We are constantly interpreting our world, and it is a struggle to separate interpretation from reality. After all, believing is seeing!
My postgraduate training is in dynamic psychotherapy. I chose to enroll in a decidedly eclectic training institute for my post-doctoral certificate. While adhering to the three pillars of classical training (personal analysis, supervision, and coursework) the goal was to discover one’s own style and approach from among the many orientations available.
Though I am dispositionally Jungian, there is so much to learn by looking deeply into classical Freudian thought and practice, the work of the neo-freudians, the Sullivanian interpersonal model, the works of Heinz Kohut, Lacan, R.D. Laing, Zezek, and many others. The truth lies in the between spaces.
In the same way, the greatest future revelations will emerge from the cognate fields of biophysics, the new psychophysics, interdisciplinary consciousness studies, psychoneuroimmunology, the spiritual psychotherapies, and integrative psychology. In my practice, I also make routine use of clinical hypnosis, Jungian dream analysis, and the best of behavior analysis, biofeedback, and meditation.
Fresh hypotheses and deep insights are often more arresting when viewed from the edges among current schools of thought. The polymaths of the 21st century will pave new ground, break down old barriers, and throw open the windows of established fields to a fresh breeze. They will be resisted. The orthodoxies will repel all boarders. Yet, changes will come in their own good time; changes already well underway.
I do respect the contrary view with which I enjoy an open and critical dialogue. The purist’s perspective warns, correctly, against the dangers of superficial dabbling, or dilettantism, and the possibilities of a shallow treatment of the subject at hand. As a true eclectic, I agree! Reaching across boundaries is no excuse for simplistic thinking, vague generalities, or gross analyses without a feel for the nuances.
The key to eclectic integrity is to set up and follow a rule of study, prayer, and living: a discipline that avoids skimming the surface. It is much harder to carry out than a deep dive into one model, structure, framework, and literature. Nonetheless, it’s a good and right struggle. Inevitably, a new language coalesces around a nascent field, or cognate discipline, along with its own journals, dialogues, and investigations. In time, this too gives rise to the next specialization and the cycle continues.
We are creatures of habit and we like things well systematized. There is a permanent tension between staying fresh, with eyes wide open ready to see things in new ways, and the wish for “knowledge” that leads, hopefully, to laws (of behavior, the universe, living systems, microbes, etc.).
For me, the way of the eclectic is exhilarating, and tension between going wide and the deep dive of narrow specialty is a wholesome one that keeps us honest. It all boils down to the question: What do we know, and how do we know it? The physical sciences are in a state of revolution as we speak. Physics has now long acknowledged that observing phenomena has effects on them.
And so, how do we come to know the “truth?” We keep at it with beginner’s mind, deep respect for diverse angles of view through many lenses, and a youthful readiness to lead from the edges.
My meditations today will revolve around this idea: How do I lead form the edges? How robust is my discipline in integrating my pursuit of knowing through mind, heart, and spirit? What discipline is worth honing, adding, or amending?
© Brother Anton and The Harried Mystic, 2009. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this blog’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited.
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